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Author Topic: Computer Networking Fundamentals  (Read 84 times)
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« on: November 01, 2011, 03:30:54 AM »
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A computer network is a set of two or more computers with communication between them through a medium. The media can be through radio waves, wires, fiber infrared, optical, etc.

Network equipment is an integral part of our daily lives, with the most important reason is that of communication. The use of computer networks is to share resources such as fax machines, printers, modems, files, etc, and its other uses are database server, computer server, email, chat, internet, etc. The computer on which resources meet is called the server and other equipment to access the resource are called clients. In computer networks peer-to-peer servers are not.

The exchange of faxes, printers and modems, among many computers and users to reduce operating cost. A database on a computer network is a very important, as stores and many important data and employment. Emails and chats can be used for instantaneous communication and sending files on a computer network.

Computer networks are classified according to size, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and personal area networks (PAN). The topology (the topology is the way computer networks and network resources are connected) network can be classified as bus network, token ring and star network.

The networking hardware basically consists of wiring, network cards and a hub. The network cards are needed for a computer can understand what the other team is "talking". Network cards have unique MAC address to identify computers on a network. Centers connect all the computers on the network. Centers can also be used to connect to other centers to increase the size of the network. Two computers can be connected via Ethernet cards or telephone lines or power lines for communication, with hardware kits available at a cost of approximately $ 100.

As the number of computers in an office or a home increases, so do the number of cables, wireless networking is a viable solution. In wireless networks transreceivers infrared or radio signals used for communication between computers and devices. Examples of wireless networks including Wi-Fi and Bluetooth technology, although there may be security issues involved in wireless networks. However, there is definitely a higher preference for wireless networks today among consumers.

Computer networks have added a new dimension to the 21st century. Today the cyber world is much faster and wider than the real world. All this has been made possible by computer networks. Computer networks have revolutionized business, communication, travel, research, advocacy, society and almost all human endeavors. The evolution of computer networks has helped the technological revolution a great leap forward.
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